ABSTRACT
Composting is a process recommended as a way to recycle the organic part of the solid waste in which several micro and macroorganisms act as decomposers of the organic matter, in a process that takes around 120 days and faces roughly three different phases. Because we do not know the community of arthropods associated with the compost produced in one of the biggest landfills placed in Brazil, here we collected and identified the community of arthropods present in each phase of the organic compost. Our hypothesis is that the abundance and diversity of arthropods are different within each phase of the compost and we hope to find particular groups of arthropods that can be used as indicator of specific phases. In total, we identified the taxa of 1204 arthropods (insects, arachnidan and diplopods). We found that diversity and abundancy of arthropods were indeed different for each maturation phase of the compost, but we did not find families that are good indicators of each phase. In addition, to be certain about the safety of the compost produced, we investigated the presence of microorganisms in the final product and we found considerable levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis in some samples. Finally, we argue that the presence of these macro and microorganisms during the process may be beneficial or harmful. Since their presence decreased greatly by the end of the process, we acknowledge that composting works efficiently as a way to recycle the organic part of the waste generated in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Arthropods , Composting , Animals , Brazil , Environmental Monitoring , Soil , Solid Waste/analysis , Waste Disposal FacilitiesABSTRACT
O mosquito Aedes albopictus possui ampla distribuição em regiões tropicais, bem como nos países de clima temperado e tem sido apontado pela literatura científica como importante para a saúde pública. Observa-se a carência de estudos acerca da infestação, dispersão e a associação da espécie com o grau de urbanização, criadouros, tipos de imóveis e sazonalidade. Este estudo teve como objetivos, dentre outros, analisar a evolução da infestação por A. albopictus ao longo de um gradiente de urbanização. O estudo teve como referência geográfica o município de Chapecó (SC). Para avaliar a dispersão e a flutuação populacional foi criado um gradiente de urbanização. Para avaliar a tendência da infestação em cada região no período, foram utilizadas análises de regressão linear. A infestação pelo mosquito foi maior nas regiões periurbanas e rurais e menor nas regiões mais urbanizadas. Os resultados encontrados são relevantes no planejamento e na implantação de ações de prevenção das arboviroses transmitidas.
Aedes albopictus mosquito is widely distributed in tropical regions, as well as in temperate countries, and has been identified by the scientific literature as important to public health. There is a lack of studies on infestation, dispersion and the species association with the level of urbanization, breeding sites, types of property and seasonality. This study aimed to analyze the evolution of A. albopictus infestation along an urbanization gradient. The geographical reference of this study was the municipality of Chapecó, State of Santa Catariana. To assess dispersion and population fluctuation an urbanization gradient was created. Linear regression analysis was applied to evaluate the trend of infestation in each region in the study period. Mosquito infestation was higher in peri-urban and rural regions, and lower in more urbanized regions. The results are relevant for planning and implementing prevention actions for transmitted arbovirus diseases.
Subject(s)
Arbovirus Infections , Urbanization , Public Health , CitiesABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the occurrence of dengue and the spatial distribution of the cases in the municipality of Chapecó, Santa Catarina State. Dengue cases were obtained from the Epidemiological Surveillance Department of Santa Catarina and Epidemiological Surveillance of Chapecó. The data of positive containers for Aedes aegypti were obtained from the Environmental Health Surveillance of the municipality. In 2015 and 2016, Chapecó registered 819 autochthonous cases of dengue. It showed a significant relationship between the number of foci of the vector and the minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the cases of dengue and the population size of the neighborhoods evaluated. This study indicated a multifactorial influence on mosquito proliferation and the occurrence of viral transmission of dengue in the municipality of Chapecó. It reinforces the need of an interdisciplinary approach to prevent and control this endemic disease (AU)
Epidemiológica de Chapecó. Os dados de recipientes positivos para Aedes aegypti na Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental do município. Em 2015 e 2016 Chapecó registrou 819 casos autóctones de dengue. Apresentou relação significativa entre o número de focos do vetor e as temperaturas mínimas e máximas, assim como os casos de dengue com o tamanho populacional dos bairros avaliados. Este estudo indicou influência multifatorial sobre a proliferação do mosquito e a ocorrência da transmissão viral de dengue no município de Chapecó. Reforça a necessidade de uma abordagem interdisciplinar de ações de prevenção e controle desta endemia (AU)
